Effect of salts on the solubility of phenolic compounds: experimental measurements and modelling
Abstract
Phenolic compounds can be found in industrial or agricultural waste, such as waste water from olive mills. Because of the environmental problem caused by this residue from olive oil production, the aim of this work was to model the effect of salts on the solubility of four phenolic compounds. For this purpose, the solubilities of gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid and vanillin have been measured in various chloride solutions at constant temperature. The Clegg-Simonson-Pitzer activity coefficient, together with the dissociation constant obtained from the literature, has been used to represent the equilibrium solid-liquid data. Good agreement (3.4%) between the experimental and calculated values for solubility was obtained.